The Internet Essays (508 words) - Digital Technology,

The Internet The Internet The Internet, or ?net, is a tremendous system of PCs that associates huge numbers of the world's organizations, establishments, furthermore, people. The Web is made out of numerous parts, including the World Wide Web, FTP, IRC, Newsgroups, Gopher, WAIS, Archie, furthermore, obviously Electronic Mail (Email). The Internet is mostly utilized for correspondence. Email is the most vigorously utilized asset of the Internet- more than 40 million email messages are sent through the Internet daily. The second most utilized asset, called the World Wide Web, or WWW, comprises of pages of words, pictures, sounds, and video. The Internet is proceeding to develop at 40% per year, with around 20 million clients, primarily in USA, Canada, and Australia, yet numerous everywhere throughout the world. You can do numerous things on the Internet, for example, search for just about anything, bank and oversee cash, watch and tune in to live link televison and radio stations, converse with different clients with voice like a phone, lead global gatherings, what's more, get to a wide range of data regarding any matter possible. As referenced before, the WWW comprises of pages and pages of text, pictures, sounds, and video. In contrast to pages in a book, there is no greatest size for a page, and there is HyperText Connections. On the off chance that you click on any one of these connections, the PC will naturally go to the page determined by the connection. The WWW is modified in a coding called Hyper Text Markup Language, or HTML. Looking through the Web can be a troublesome activity, or in the event that you utilize a web index, it tends to be extremely simple. Since such a large number of new pages are added to the Web a day, a generally excellent list is difficult to keep, and an in sequential order posting of a huge number of web pages would be practically outlandish to explore through. To support this issue, individuals created search motors that scan the Web for you. A few web crawlers, similar to Yahoo, search in a major web index they have made of countless website pages, that is sorted out like a phonebook. Other web crawlers, like Alta Vista, or Magellan, search in a rundown of Web pages it has made as it rode the web all by it's self. Individuals as a rule get to the Internet through a PC utilizing a gadget called a modem. Modems associate individuals to the ?net through phone lines. A few organizations, and the heart of the Internet, Use Fiber-Optic links to associate. Fiber-Optic cabled are made of hair-slight strands of glass that convey data at the speed of light as beats of light. Fiber-Optics are a huge number of times quicker than standard copper phone lines. The Internet started in the 1960's. In 1962, the Advanced Research Tasks Agency (ARPA) of the United States Branch of Defense built up a system of PCs called ARPAnet. From the start, this system just associated military and government PC frameworks. The intention was to make all data safe, so that in a fiasco or war, on the off chance that one PC was devastated, it's data would not be lost. In 1966, the ARPAnet was extended to incorporate colleges and other establishments. One of the main colleges to be included was Utah State College. Before long, enormous organizations and partnerships were included, as well. By 1990, anybody with a PC, a modem, furthermore, Internet programming could interface with the Internet. There are numerous things later on of the ?net, including video conferencing, online computer generated simulation universes, what's more, quicker Internet associations.

Historical Misconceptions About Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy :: American America History

All Presidents have confronted the test of keeping individuals joined in the midst of contention and strife; this explicitly applied to Presidents Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy. They were confronted with fathoming fragile circumstances including isolation and the social equality of American residents in two distinct hundreds of years. While there has been the suffering impression that the two presidents held high beliefs concerning the African American populace, a closer assessment of history could persuade that Lincoln was the bogus more liberated of the oppressed and Kennedy was the bogus nonentity for the Civil Rights development. Abraham Lincoln entered his first term as president following the pioneers Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan. Puncture was known as a blunt pundit of government inclusion in state and region issues (http://www.npr.org). His veto of a bill which would have offered types of assistance and backing for the intellectually debilitated built up the method of reasoning behind government uninvolvement in general medical problems into the twentieth century (http://www.npr.org). This atmosphere of legislative uninvolvement persevered into the term of James Buchanan, a period notable for the Dred Scott choice, which expressed that congress had no protected capacity to deny people of their property rights in slaves in the domains (http://www.whitehouse.gov). Afterward, Buchanan returned to a strategy of latency that proceeded until he left office (http://www.whitehouse.gov). Along these lines, after entering office, Lincoln found the stage set for a tough move with a strongly separated nation an d an administration unused to dynamic authority by a president whose primary motivation was to join the nation, regardless of whether this implied an association in beforehand distant states rights. The issue of subjection was at the focal point of the contentions, and choices in the past two organizations just intensified the troubles experienced in any activities that Lincoln may make. The issue of isolation proceeded even up to one hundred years after the fact when Kennedy became president following Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Nonetheless, in contrast to Pierce and Buchanan, the choices and activities of both of these presidents ought to have made any stand that Kennedy would take for the social equality development simpler. After World War Two had finished, Truman proposed twenty-one principle strategy focuses for the advancement of America trying to quiet the turmoil among the American specialists, as this was a period of many work strikes and issues including residents who were unsatisfied with the economy. These twenty-one focuses included advancements, for example, the lowest pay permitted by law, ensured business, clinical protection, lodging help, improving advantages for war veterans, and cost and compensation controls. Chronicled Misconceptions About Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy :: American America History All Presidents have confronted the test of keeping individuals joined in the midst of contention and disturbance; this explicitly applied to Presidents Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy. They were confronted with explaining fragile circumstances including isolation and the social liberties of American residents in two unique hundreds of years. While there has been the suffering impression that the two presidents held high goals with respect to the African American populace, a closer assessment of history could persuade that Lincoln was the bogus more liberated of the oppressed and Kennedy was the bogus nonentity for the Civil Rights development. Abraham Lincoln entered his first term as president following the pioneers Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan. Penetrate was known as a candid pundit of government inclusion in state and district issues (http://www.npr.org). His veto of a bill which would have offered types of assistance and backing for the intellectually impeded set up the justification behind government uninvolvement in general medical problems into the twentieth century (http://www.npr.org). This atmosphere of administrative uninvolvement endured into the term of James Buchanan, a period notable for the Dred Scott choice, which expressed that congress had no protected capacity to deny people of their property rights in slaves in the domains (http://www.whitehouse.gov). Afterward, Buchanan returned to an arrangement of idleness that proceeded until he left office (http://www.whitehouse.gov). In this way, after entering office, Lincoln found the stage set for a tough move with a pointedly partitioned nation and an a dministration unused to dynamic authority by a president whose principle plan was to join the nation, regardless of whether this implied an association in already distant states rights. The issue of subjugation was at the focal point of the contentions, and choices in the past two organizations just exacerbated the challenges experienced in any activities that Lincoln may make. The issue of isolation proceeded even up to one hundred years after the fact when Kennedy became president following Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. In any case, in contrast to Pierce and Buchanan, the choices and activities of both of these presidents ought to have made any stand that Kennedy would take for the social equality development simpler. After World War Two had finished, Truman proposed twenty-one primary approach focuses for the improvement of America trying to quiet the turmoil among the American specialists, as this was a period of many work strikes and issues including residents who were unsatisfied with the economy. These twenty-one focuses included advancements, for example, the lowest pay permitted by law, ensured business, clinical protection, lodging help, improving advantages for war veterans, and cost and pay controls.

A clockwork orange: Futuristic fantasy Essay

A Clockwork Orange is a book with a good. More than that, it is an admonition: an alert to the 1960s society of which Burgess was a section. His expectations of the world to come are bleeding and his delineations of activist systems and authoritarian states are incredible and significant. Be that as it may, they are not so distant from reality as one would think†¦ Burgess framed his image of Alex’s world on the planet he saw around him during the 1960s. This is generally prominent in the language that is utilized. It is totally brimming with Russian words: â€Å"horrorshow†, â€Å"krovvy†, â€Å"ptitsa†, and â€Å"tolchock†. This is obviously a reference to the Soviet system, which administered over the USSR with an iron clench hand. At the time the Cold War was in full power, hostility was high and Soviet socialism represented a genuine risk toward the western vote based systems. However, it is conceivable that Burgess was delineating the future world just as his own. He is recommending that if his own general public were to carry in transit it was in his time, at that point it might wind up being as severe and abusive as the Soviet system. It is even a likelihood that Burgess accepted that the western nations, including his own nation, the UK, would fall under the standard of socialism and become Soviet states themselves. In the event that this is valid, at that point it recommends to me a deference for the Soviet system, not an abhorrence: he thought about that the Soviets were so solid and sorted out, that western occupation was a genuine chance. Yet, on the off chance that this occurred, Burgess trusted it would be the apocalypse. All through the novel he makes unpretentious references to specific things he accepted would not last under state control: workmanship and writing. Alex himself says that â€Å"newspapers [were] not being perused much†. Later he portrays the â€Å"Public Biblio†, or library, â€Å"which very few lewdies utilized those days†. The young men wear covers later in the main part, and these are likewise noteworthy. â€Å"Peebee† Shelley is viewed as a curiosity now; a deep rooted writer from years back, long dead and since quite a while ago overlooked. Indeed, even Elvis Presley is incorporated with Shelley and Henry VIII, recommending that he also is just a remainder of an old society. This had considerably more criticalness in the time Burgess composed the novel, since Elvis was alive and celebrated and particularly a piece of current mainstream society. To Alex he is a name that amounts to nothing. Indeed, even the leftover structures of Oldtown are peculiar to him. They are from when individuals had a decision. The fall of writing and workmanship is interchangeable with the annulment of opportunity. Writing, workmanship and engineering are types of articulation †and in Alex’s world they don't exist, just in transitory references and oddity covers. There is the boys’ appearance: the purported â€Å"heighth of fashion† for their day. In numerous regards it is like design of the 1960s. The silly styles, demonstrated by the â€Å"old jam mould†¦ fitting on the groin under the tights†, amusingly molded into blossoms, creepy crawlies and a â€Å"clown’s litso†. What's more, there are likewise the splendid hues †â€Å"purple and green and orange wigs on their gullivers†. Or maybe curiously the young men additionally wear make-up. There are two potential clarifications for this. The first is the most self-evident: the young men need to appear as something else. They are hitting out against sorted out state-control. The subsequent explanation is significantly more unpretentious: at the time Burgess composed the novel, a sexual upheaval was occurring; specifically, ladies were all the more allowed to take on the customarily manly practices, for example, seeking after a profession. Unmistakably, the young men are doing likewise: receiving a generally female practice. It may be the case that Burgess is offering a social expression: he predicts that later on, the limits figuring out which sexual orientation takes on which job will be less positive. However it is still just a recommendation; Burgess’s old-style demeanor towards the genders is genuinely clear in the book, since each significant character is male. It is an abnormal blend of past and â€Å"future†. Be that as it may, despite the fact that the young men need to stick out and not accommodate, they are amusingly acclimating inside their own gathering. The abnormal garments and make-up are segments of their uniform, which exist for the most part to control individuals in an aggressor design. They are battling fire with fire. What's more, in the event that the make-up is an equity articulation, at that point it is amusing too. The young men would prefer not to be equivalent to every other person †they like to appear as something else. Also, they don't need equivalent rights †they accept that they have, or ought to have, more rights, and can along these lines challenge the law through demonstrations of brutality. The message that Burgess is putting across here is vague. Possibly he could be stating that an excess of state control will in the end power a rough upheaval, and in this manner the legislature ought to unwind, which is likely the most widely recognized conviction. Or on the other hand his admonition could be the inverse: he is stating that on the off chance that the administration yield and award additional rights to everyone, at that point later on there will be somebody, some place, who has, or needs, more rights. I want to accept the last hypothesis. Burgess was not for vicious upset of any sort. A Clockwork Orange is a startling forecast of the world to come in the event that it keeps on conceding individuals so much force, and not an admonition of how the world will be if state control proceeded. In the long run the entirety of this opportunity would require state control, as it exists in Alex’s time. Burgess was for a specific level of control †the utilization of Russian words in his novel, as clarified above, is proof for this. Albeit hardly any individuals would concur with me, that is the thing that I accept. Burgess’s tale was in fact composed as a notice to those in his time. Be that as it may, notwithstanding the alarming delineation of state control, I don't think Burgess was so contradicted to it as certain individuals guarantee. I would just say that the authoritarian system of Alex’s time is a case of an outrageous type of state control that is surely off-base, however simply because of its seriousness. Burgess’s cautioning was not focused on the administration; it was focused on the individuals who longed for unrest. Just a single thing is sure: the meanings are clear, and A Clockwork Orange is certainly not only a dream novel.

Gender Inequality Is A Prominent Issue Globally - 1864 Words

Abigail Yeo Zhi Yi 311 Gender inequality is a prominent issue globally. Gender inequality is defined as unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. Around the world, women are not treated as equally as men. In 2015, only 50% of the world’s working-age women were in the labor force, compared to 77% of working-age men. In this essay, I will be focusing on gender inequality in China and Japan and the causes and effects of gender inequality in both countries, as well as whether gender inequality will be reduced with education. Francis Bacon once said, â€Å"Knowledge is power.† Education is important in reducing gender inequality for a few main reasons. Firstly, education can empower women. Education, be it vocational or academic, will give women the ability and skill to work and be useful in society. If a woman is given vocational education, she will have skills that she can put to use in a job and will be able to earn money. If a woman is given academic education, she will have greater knowledge and even be able to take up higher-ranking jobs. Secondly, education can change the mindsets of people about gender inequality. This applies not only for women, but for men too. Education could help people to realise that women should have the same rights as men and that gender inequality is wrong. People who receive education could spread awareness about the importance of education for women and fight for women’s rights, narrowing the gender gap. Thirdly,Show MoreRelatedThe Discrimination And Unequ al Treatment Of Individuals Based Solely On Their Gender1729 Words   |  7 PagesA very prominent social justice issue, gender inequality, is the discrimination and unequal treatment of individuals based solely on their gender. 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The practice of marrying minors can be found globally, however it is found to be most concentrated in the poor rural and provincial areas of Africa, the Middle East, and LatinRead MoreAnalysis Of Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird1210 Words   |  5 Pagessexual orientations, gender constructs and feminism. Society had certain constructs that had to be met. Throughout To Kill A Mockingbird, Lee breaks the bounds to overcome barriers, and challenge social constructs. This feature article delves into how two different generations, can be affected by the same one issue; two birds, one stone, the 1960s and today’s contemporary society, pained by prejudice. This article focuses on the historical context of the 1960s abd tge social issues of that time. TheRead MorePakist Child Health And Mortality1658 Words   |  7 Pagesinto four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (â€Å"About Pakistan†). Its capital is the city of Islamabad. 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Since the early 1980’s palm oil has more than tripled globally primarily in Indonesia. â€Å"Most of this expansion has occurred in Indonesia, where the total land area of oil palm plantations increased by over 2100 per cent (more than 22 times greater) over the same period, growingRead MoreFacilities And Lack Of Security For Homeless1457 Words   |  6 Pagesfacilities and lack of security for homeless are prevalent in rural areas of Bangladesh. (Bangladesh National Policy Framework for Women’s Empowerment and Gender Equality, 2000). Empowerment will expand women’s human and social capabilities, their assets and authority over the assets. According to World Bank (2002) empowerment is the expansion of assets and capabilities of poor people to participate in. negotiate with, influence, control and hold accountable institutions that affect lives. The capabilitiesRead MoreSocial Education And The Competent Social Work Practitioner955 Words   |  4 Pagesneeds to focus on teaching global issues and applying the structural and anti-oppressive principles of practice (Razack Badwell, 2006). According to Mohan (2005) stated by Razack Badwell (2006) that the social work profession seems to be silent to teach students to achieve adequate skills to think and act globally. This essay will be divided into five sections. The first section will briefly describe the topic. The second section will discuss the global issues in social work education. The thirdRead MoreCapitalism And Feminism : A Form Of An Economic And Social Organisation1933 Words   |  8 Pagesmovements and ideologies that share a common goal to create change by establishing the equality of genders to ensure that women are treated fairly in the social, political and economical environments. The purpose of this essay is to establish the problems and potentials that ar ise from Capitalism and Feminism that have emerged as a result of globalisation and how feminism is helping to overcome issues of inequality that have emerged in the everyday living of women in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a country locatedRead MoreAre We Finally Equal? Or Is It Merely An Illusion?2506 Words   |  11 Pages The dream of equality has been something that people have chased for years. And to some people we may have finally reached this seemingly impossible dream when it comes to gender inequality in the workplace and on the playing field. The world today can at times give the impression of not having any major problem with gender equality when work and sports are involved. This view is usually shattered when something like the women’s soccer scandal will rear its ugly head; forcing people to see pastRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Unique Sector Of Slavery1201 Words   |  5 Pagesbrothels, strip clubs, and online services. This horrible occurrence happens secretly in practically any corner across the globe. Although it causes immense physical harm to its victims, the physiological and emotional damage remains severe and prominent. Victims from Asia are sent to the widest range of locations, but not all cases involve extensive transportation. One key contributor to sexual exploitation is Russia, and a variety of factors contribute to this prevalence. Russia’s colossal geographical

How to Look at a Rock Like a Geologist

Man Is an Architect of His Own Fate - 1808 Words

There is a class of men who think that everything is pre-determined in life and, however much you may try, you cannot get out of that groove. So even your best efforts cannot yield more gains than those God has already settled for you, for fate rules supreme. Even great Shakespeare had said – there is a divinity that shapes our will. Man cannot change this fortune. What is lotted cannot be blotted or avoided. But there is another school of opinion, that is more reasonable in this age of science, that a man has powers and parts to build his own career. The efforts of a resolute and steadfast worker are sure to be crowned will success in the long run. If the students who get plucked once discontinues his effort with the belief that it is his†¦show more content†¦The unfortunate voters who have not much discriminating power as victimized by the chain of modern civilizing process become subjected to the plundering process of the political heads in the matter of their hearth and home. These unfortunate people being too much harrassed by governmental taxes and famine, are forced to accept cotton and potato or other leaves as foodstuff. They become forced to accept meat and flesh instead of grains and vegetables and they are obliged to assimilate hydrogenated injurious oil in place milk and ghee. By such eating process they are attacked with cholera, typhoid, dysentry and tuberculosis to meet an end of miserable life. They are subjected to the pangs of winter and summer, rains and sun besides hunger, thirst, disappointment, frustration. Thus they have to make a sad end of life by over anxiety due to all round scarcity. That is the sum and substance of the advancement of material civilization. Undoubtedly we have produced by dint of advancement of having the motors, the radios, the cinemas, the railways, the airways, the (? ), the medicines, the toilets, the big buildings, the big mills, agricultural implements, big offices, (?), hodgepodge philosophers, industrialists, poets, scientists, politicians, iron men, statesmen and what not but the net result is no food, no clothing, no shelter, no peace. Will any thinking and sober man with any sense of humanShow MoreRelatedCharacter Is Fate1490 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter is Fate – Essay â€Å"A man’s character is his fate† once said the Greek philosopher Heraclites. By this he meant that our personalities and actions shape the outcomes of our lives and therefore our destiny. This statement opposes the traditional view that man’s fate is determined by an external force (name it god or even chance). This argument is basically one of faith: do you believe we shape our own futures by how we act, or are our lives programmed in a certain unchangeable way? In otherRead More 12 Angry Men Essays1459 Words   |  6 Pagesmovie by far is the Architect in the White Suit. Right off from the beginning at the original vote the Architect stated clearly his position in the matter. Against the rest of the group he strongly held his ground and fought for what he believed. Most people in his position would have changed their opinion immediately after realizing that he was completely outnumbered. However he continued to argue his points and reiterate the reasons w hy â€Å"evidence† needed to be questioned. His mind was simply brilliantRead MoreLiterary Analysis Essay811 Words   |  4 Pageshappily ever after. In fact, all protagonists’ fate is decided by the narrator’s hand. Just like the literary works we have recently read, including the poems â€Å"Sunday Greens† by Rita Dove, â€Å"Sinful City† by Jaroslav Seifert and the excerpt from Like Water for Chocolate from Laura Esquivel, the characters’ fate was sealed from that moment. Therefore, the most relevant theme through three works is that fate is for those too weak to determine their own destiny. We are fated, since everything has alreadyRead MoreShakespeares King Lear and Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1063 Words   |  4 PagesA German Proverb once stated that, â€Å"Every man is the architect of his own fortune.† In expressing his opinion that people have more control over their fate than their fate does over them, this proverb was mistaken. Contrary to what the Proverb espoused, the cruelty of the world and the harsh reality of blind fortune have much more to do with what happens to a person than what actions they take, and good actions cannot guarantee good fortune. The inaccuracy of this quote can be proven in looking atRead MoreEssay about Influencing an Entire Crowd in 12 Angry Men1021 Words   |  5 Pagesthe twelve jurors. This is an example of small group communications. The juror that was the Architect in the suit was probably the strongest leader in the group. (12 angry men, 1957). Before the twelve jurors started to deliberate they were all very nice to each other. Then when they started to talk about the trial they all where ready to convict the boy. From the beginning the Architect was not convinced that the boy was guilty. When a group has trouble communicating they sometimes willRead MoreExistentialism And Akhilleus : State Of Affairs1182 Words   |  5 Pagesstrength and agility that surpasses all humans. His mother is a sea goddess named Thetis. When he was an infant she dipped him in the river Styx, which separates the underworld from the Earth. Akhilleus receives enhanced capabilities from the river that include agility, strength, and keenness. When Thetis dipped him in the river she held him by his foot and dipped his whole body in, excluding his foot. Not dipping his foot ultimately ends up being his weakness and demise. In Gre ek mythology, humansRead MoreThe Topic Of Fate Of Ancient Greece During The Golden Age1136 Words   |  5 PagesThe Topic of Fate in Ancient Greece During the Golden Age The Golden Age of Athens started with the final defeat of Persia in 479 B.C. and the formation of the Delian League in 478 B.C. With the defeat of Persia came a period of prosperity for Athens, a time of great political advancements and many reforms to daily life. Around 461 B.C., a former general named Perikles became the dominant politician of Athens. During his reign (461-429 B.C.) he made Athens a strong and imperialistic city-stateRead MoreEssay about Oedipus the King1183 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus the King Oedipus the King is the perfect example of a tragedy. It contains a complete combination of all the features of a tragedy. Aristotle in his Poetics[1] defines Oedipus as being a definite example of the form and purpose of tragedy. In tragedies the Greeks dramatized climactic events in the lives of heroes, and Oedipus story is no exception. By using many different literary devices it brings moral dilemmas of action and motive to the public stage. The action is set outRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 1242 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare expanded them to include the themes, motifs and gothic elements relevant during his time. Shakespeare wrote these plays for more than entertaining; he attempted to transcend universal themes and messages that still resonate with audiences today. One of these plays was Macbeth, a tragedy that voices the ambition of a young, kind and righteous man and how it ultimately leads to his downfall and destruction. Shakespeare incorporates into this tragedy a couple of gothic elements thatRead MoreOedipus the King an Aristotle’s Tragedy Essay633 Words   |  3 PagesOedipus The King The Greek drama Oedipus is clearly a Aristotle’s tragedy. It definitely meets the five main criteria for a tragedy: a tragic hero of noble birth, a tragic flaw, a hero‘s downfall, a moment of remorse, and a catharsis. Aristotle in his Poetics defines Oedipus as being a definite example of the form and purpose of Aristotelian tragedy. In tragedies the Greeks dramatized climactic events in the lives of heroes, and Oedipus story is no different. By using many different literary devices

Following Laws versus Rules Interpret Ethical Issues with Subprime Lo

Question: Describe about the Following Laws versus Rules for Interpret Ethical Issues with Subprime Loans? Answer: Interpret Ethical Issues with Subprime Loans Summary of the concept of subprime loans and the risk of subprime loans to the lenders and borrowers:- The subprime loan is a type of very low or no down payment loan which has an option of second loans that act as the down payment for the first loan and eliminate the necessity of cash down payment of monthly premium for PMI (Private Mortgage Insurance).The households or peoples with less than moderate incomes, having imperfect credit records and very limited wealth to access the housing loans to refinance the existing home or buy a new one are the greatly benefitted from this Private Mortgage Insurance or PMI Scheme(OCC, 1999). This type of loan results in a boom in the housing sector as this includes the opportunity to access easily the loans, which leads to a decrease in the interest rate and a rise in the income. According to the marketing data, there was a spread of this housing bubble outside the housing sector, which caused a slowdown in the economic progress. The economy is still suffering from this recession due to the high unemployment rate and weak economic recovery (Utt, 2 008). Having a poor past credit history, serious credit problem, income of the state, high doubt to income ratio, the subprime loan borrowers are considered as a person and it is not possible for him to documented all the underwriting information in the applications and always go for the high LTV or, loan to value mortgage. Because of the high-interest rate, there is a risk to the borrowers for defaulting during the ongoing situation. Foreclosure on their home is considered as the second risk. It was found that the price of the house owned by an individual or a borrower is lower than the down payments of his/her borrowings. Therefore, they keep the distance from that houses, which they cannot purchased and let the lender foreclosures on the assets. Having the higher delinquency rates compared to the standard prime mortgage is considered as having risks of sub-prime loans to the lenders (OCC bulletin 99-10 (1999), 1999). The lenders also have the higher loss rate risks besides, the higher d elinquency rates. As the lenders cannot manage the loss, they may leave the business because of the combined effects of high delinquency rates and loss rates (Ethical Issues with Subprime Loans, 2014). The role of leadership decision-making in the subprime loan during the financial crisis:- On subprime loans, the majority of the home mortgage loan defaults is dependent with a high-interest rate loan to the buyers of home and this type of risk is higher than the average credit risk. To extend the number of home ownership for the Americans, the federal government had encouraged the bank to make sub-prime loans. The banks are the biggest indirect investors in the subprime loans. The money that had been lent by the banks from the investment companies is used to purchase a large number of Mortgages from the mortgage lenders (Turano, 2006). It becomes difficult for many investment funds to repay the loans that he had taken out from the banks. Hence, a declaration about the uncoverable loans should be made by the banks. However, this process will lead to a declining in reserves and generate the new loans. As both the businesses and consumers depend on the loans to finance the investment expenditures, the introduction of subprime loans will threaten the economy. Because of this poorly structured subprime-lending program, there are major losses and other problematic issues faced by most of the institutions of U.S.A. The higher default race and the loss-on default rates involving with the subprime lending and high overhead costs are underestimated by the institutions which frequently lacked the business planning process, management expertise and risk management processes which are very necessary to eliminate the risks associated with the subprime loans in a safe and sound manner. Hence, in financial institutions, leadership play a very critical role, as their decision-making will affect the other institutions or other individuals. A leader of the financial institution must have the quality of integrity, accountability and the responsibility (Thiel, 2012). If a leader ignores these duties, then there will arise a big problem for the institution. This similar case happened in the case of the sub-prime loan. Despite the ethics in leadership is to focus on moving forward, the financial and corporate misconduct amidst in the subprime lending that have left few wonderings ('The Ethical Challenges of Subprime Loans', 2015). With the notion of social responsibility evaluating the effect of subprime loans:- In 1995, the total subprime loans were only $18.5 billion whereas after ten years in 2005 it was increased to 507.9 billion. Hence, between the decades of 1995-2005 the economy faced a huge increase of subprime loans i.e. 489.4 billion U.S. dollar. However, there was a burst of the housing bubble in the housing market since the year 2005, which resulted in an increase in the interest rate. Hence, there were foreclosures of purchased houses through the rising sub-prime loans, which indicated that there would be the continuous rise in foreclosure. This led to damage in the housing market, which has a spill over affect the overall economy and results in recession in the economy (Bryson, Bryson, Bryson, Bryson profile, 2015). To promote the home ownership, there are some goals of American policies. The U.S. government has set up different financial institutions to make the purchasing process of home easier, quick and also convenient to provide the home to every citizen. This is a kind of social responsibility of U.S. government on the low-income group families and the minority group of the society. To protect this social responsibility, in 1938, the Federal Nation Mortgage Association, FNMA, or Fannie Mae was set up by the U.S. government with the primary goal to provide a secondary market for home mortgages. That is if there is a need for funds after granting the mortgage to the borrowers, the mortgage can be easily sold by the banks to the borrowers and later if there will a need for funds for the banks, the mortgage can be easily sold to the FNMA by the banks. The lending institutions that have the access to the secondary mortgage market of FNMA had to abide by the rules of FNMA. The U.S. government fo cused on creating another institution to compete with FNMA in the secondary mortgage market, after its privatisation. The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation or FHLMC or Freddie Mae was created by U.S. government in 1970 to expand the secondary mortgage market (Hagerty, 2008). The consumers or the borrowers cannot get direct loans from both the institutions FNMA and FHLMC. The main aim of these two institutions is to increase the number of low-income families and the number of a minority to own their home (Myassignmenthelp.com, 2015). Since the time to assure that this will not happen again, what measure should be taken? During the period of 2007-2008, when the U.S. economy faced a financial crisis, an overall measure was taken by the government to tackle the problem, as it was known to the problem that what was the problem and how to prevent it that it will not happen again. In the year 2007, there was a threat for the mortgage lenders as well as for the all financial institutions due to the highest defaults on the home mortgage loan. Several steps was taken by the government to provide the limited relief to eliminate foreclosures regarding the problems of sub-prime loans and to adjust and refinance the payments to stay current on their payments and to keep their homes the government will allow those steps with great credit opportunities. To strengthen the lending rules to prevent loans to being issued by people who are unable to pay the monthly payments and to offset the incentives generated by the mortgage-backed securities. To help the homeowners who are not able to repay some mortgage loans different legislations have been passed by U.S. government. In 2010, U.S. Congress has passed and signed the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to send a new message to the executives of large financial corporation, the bondholders and the stake holders that if they allow their corporation again into the serious financial trouble, they will suffer from the extremely high and unavoidable financial losses (Board o f Governors, 2012). References Bryson, D., Bryson, D., Bryson, D., Bryson, D., profile, V. (2015).Following Laws versus Rules: Interpret Ethical Issues with Subprime Loans.Followingrulesvslaws-suprimemortgage.blogspot.in. Retrieved 2 August 2015, from https://followingrulesvslaws-suprimemortgage.blogspot.in/ Ethical Issues with Subprime Loans,. (2014).Ethical Issues with Subprime Loans. Retrieved 2 August 2015, from https://savdrew.wordpress.com/ Hagerty, J.R., H. (2008). Hagerty, J.R. (2008). Fannie, Freddie Mae shares suffer hit as mortgage default fear mount. The Wall Street Journal, March 11, 2008. Myassignmenthelp.com,. (2015).ethical issues and obligations,develop a blog aimed at allowing participants to. Retrieved 2 August 2015, from https://myassignmenthelp.com/answers/humanities/ethical-issues-and-obligations-develop-a-blog-aimed-at-allowing-participants-to-interpret-ethical-issues-surrounding-subprime-loans-be-sure-.html OCC bulletin 99-10 (1999), O. (1999). OCC bulletin 99-10 (1999). Interagency Guidance on Subprime Lending. The Ethical Challenges of Subprime Loans. (2015). Retrieved 2 August 2015, from https://baileypr.weebly.com/1/post/2013/12/the-ethical-challenge-of-subprime-loans.html Thiel, C., Bagdasarov, Z., Harkrider, L., Johnson, J., Mumford, M. (2012)., T. (2012). Thiel, C., Bagdasarov, Z., Harkrider, L., Johnson, J., Mumford, M. (2012). Leader Ethical Decision-Making in Organization: Strategies for Sensemaking. Journal Business Ethics. (2012) 107:49-64 DOI 10.1007/s10551-012-1299-1. Turano, E. (2006), T. (2006). Turano, E. (2006). Subprime mortgage lending: recognizing its potential and managing its risks. Housing Finance International, September 2006. US Board of Governors, U. (2012). Board of Governors. 2012. The U.S. Housing Market: Current Conditions and Policy Considerations Whitepaper, January 4. Utt, R. D. (2008), U. (2008). Utt, R. D. (2008) The subprime mortgage market collapse: A primer on the caused and possible solutions. The Heritage Foundation Leadership for America, April 22, 2008. Retrieved from https://www.heritage.org/research/report/2008/04/the subprime mortgage market.

Balanchine Pointe Paper Essay Research Paper George free essay sample

Balanchine Pointe Paper Essay, Research Paper George Balanchine, like many dance instructors, had a good thought of what he thought the ideal terpsichorean should look like. Balanchine besides felt that there should be a greater concentration on the female terpsichoreans pointe work. He had really high outlooks for his terpsichoreans to be really precise, chip, and promptly in their motions on and off of pointe. He started by learning each terpsichorean the right manner to pointe their pess in their pointe places and how to stand in releve. Next the terpsichorean inquires the strength and ability to lift to pointe with control which so leads to the ability to put to death an echappe or sissonne. Another measure that Balanchine put great accent on were bourrees, ? bourrees were of utmost importance to Balanchine. ? During my first few old ages in pointe categories I had many jobs with the strength of my pess. We will write a custom essay sample on Balanchine Pointe Paper Essay Research Paper George or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a long clip I was unable to execute many of the stairss given in category. During this clip I was acquiring really frustrated at the fact that everyone else in my category was able to make bourees across the floor with out any aid, and I was still keeping on to the barre. My dance instructor knew that I was acquiring frustrated with my work so one twenty-four hours she pulled me aside and told me that the ground that I was holding such a difficult clip was? due to the fact that the arches in your pess are so high. You need to construct more strength in your pess and work more on utilizing and turn overing through your whole foot. ? This is one of the same thoughts that Balanchine taught in his categories. When I foremost started reading Balanchine Pointework by Suki Schorer, I did non believe that there would be really many constructs about Balanchine? s technique of pointe work that would associate to the preparation that I have received through my preparation with Royal Academy of Dancing? s technique, but as I finished reading to book I realized that there were many constructs that were really similar. The stairss that I feel were the most outstanding in the book and in my personal preparation were the pointing of the pes, jointing the pes while lifting and take downing from pointe, the speedy action of echappe and sissonne, and the thought of fast and ferocious bourrees. As I read the subdivision on indicating the pes in the pointe shoe I was pleased to see that I was trained and go on to make so in the mode that George Balanchine trained his terpsichoreans. He wanted the toes non to be straight in the shoe but somewhat curled under so as to work against the leather sole of the shoe. One facet that I did happen to be different was the? flying? of the pes. In my preparation with my instructor at place, she liked the thought of a winged pes. She thought, ? The winged pes gave a more curving line to the leg. It gives the leg more of an upward expression and makes the leg seem to be longer and even higher. ? I ever liked the expression of a winged pes, but I shortly realized that I was developing in the incorrect manner. Why would you desire to develop with a winged pes half the clip while dancing on pointe with a consecutive pes? I realized that I was merely keeping myself back. In footings of lifting to pointe, I was taught in the same thought as Balanchine. He preferred the axial rotation up every bit opposed to the spring up because a axial rotation up demanded more strength and control on the portion of the terpsichorean. My Royal Academy of Dancing instructor, Margo Kons, besides agreed, and taught the thought of utilizing the pess more to derive more control of the pess and increase the turnout. This thought changed though when we moved on to executing stairss like echappes and sissonnes. She, as did Balanchine wanted more onslaught in these stairss. She would frequently shout out words on the exact counts that we were to be in each place. As like Balanchine? s terpsichoreans I use the method of a crisp slide to 2nd place, where both pess move equal distances from the centre to a broad second. The lone ground that the side of the measure would diminish would be if the music were excessively fleet to do the echappe so broad. I feel that overall my pointe preparation in the yesteryear has had many similarities to the preparation of Balanchine. I feel that I have received an even better apprehension of Balanchine? s technique of developing since I have been at Mercyhurst College. Suzanne Farrell felt that? this adult male knew precisely what he was doing. ? And if this were true so I would wish to go on developing with his technique ; because he has taught some of the most beautiful terpsichoreans of all time. Bibliography Ferrell, Suzanne. Keeping on Air. Summit Books. NY, NY c.1990 p.111 Conversation with Margo Kons. Ballet Teacher. 3-15-99. Conversation with Pamela McCray. Ballet Teacher. 3-15-99. Schorer, Suki. Balanchine Pointwork. Society of Dance History Scholars. NY, NY. C.1995

How Do You Assess An Ideology Essay Example

How Do You Assess An Ideology Essay Example How Do You Assess An Ideology Essay How Do You Assess An Ideology Essay How do you assess an ideology? An ideology is the study of ideas, or a science of ideas. It forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy or can be a set of beliefs of a social group or individual (Press n. D. ) In order to assess an ideology it is essential to know how to asses, this is when you evaluate the nature, ability or quality of something. However it is difficult to assess an ideology as it is a contested concept, it is impossible to define as it is fundamentally hard for everyone to agree on. In this essay will be making a judgment about the ways in which he concept ideology should be approached. Michael Freedmen sees ideology as thought behavior which is how people actually use ideas. Whereas ideology in Marxism is seen as a dominant set of ideas which reflects and legitimates existing arrangements Of power it also makes unequal social relations seem natural and inevitable. These notions are on the opposite spectrum from one another as one embraces the Enlightenment period and the other rejects key Enlightenment values. Breeders view on ideology seems to be more relevant to our society today unlike Marx and Engels interpretations of ideology as it is very one sided. Firstly, the rise of ideology has shown that reason replaces divine proficiency and religious views on understanding how the world works. The rise in science, along with key enlightenment values played a major role in replacing religion as it helped answer many questions that religion was incapable of answering. Enlightenment thinkers believed that the truth existed in the world we live in and not in religious scriptures or the word of God as these are outages for todays world. The enlightenment period embraced equality, freedom and individualism. This brought about change for the people who were treated unfairly, the French Revolution was one of the biggest revolts which started from the concept of rationality and reason as the divine King was overthrown. As a result the revolution brought about ideologies where individuals were able to create their own ideas about humanity, politics and the economy. Furthermore it seems as though Michael Breeders approach to understanding ideologies can be applied to how ideologies are viewed in todays society. Freedmen provides his definition of ideology in his book A Very Short Introduction as a political ideology being which is a set of ideas, beliefs, opinions and values that exhibit a recurring pattern. A political ideology is held by significant groups who compete over providing and controlling plans for public policy they do this by justifying, contesting or changing the social and political arrangements and processes of a political community (Freedmen 2003). He provides an analysis of his definition by breaking down the definition using the Four AS. The first P that Freedmen mentions is proximity which shows that political concepts cannot make sense on their own, unless its applied to an ideology for instance when looking at two of the dominant ideologies for the political system which are conservatism and liberalism. The concept of same sex marriage doesnt have any substance by itself but when looked at from a conservative view the Republican Party will deem it deviant and against the law. On the other hand when looking at same sex marriage from a liberalism viewpoint it would be made legal and normal. This is just one of the many cases showing how a certain concept has no backbone without an ideology. The second P is priority, where ideologies are organized based on rank of importance as the importance of ideologies can change in society. The third P permeability, this is where ideologies interlink with one another such as Liberal Feminism, it contains Feminist concepts and liberal concepts which are intertwined. The final P is proportionality which is how an ideology wishes to present its arguments, there is a different representation for each individual. In contrast to Freedmen, Marxist have a very radical critic of ideology, they strongly reject the enlightenment values such as rationality and scientific objectivity. They see reason as being shaped and constrained by social norms and dominant systems Of power unlike enlightenment thinkers who believe otherwise. Capitalism oppresses, alienates and exploits citizens whilst leading them to believe that this is unavoidable. On the other hand Marxist agree with enlightenment thinkers on how religion is not rational, Marx mentioned that religion is just an opium of the people. It provides people with an illusion of happiness, if they sin they will be punished and if they do not they will be rewarded so Marx states that religion is another lie that helps people accept the position they are in. Marxist consider ideology to have a similar purpose to religion, it justifies the position people are in due to the hierarchical, capitalist system. Ideology to Marxist assist the bourgeoisie to continue exploiting the working class by concealing their struggle by making it appear as though the working class are working towards a way out of the position hey are in, when really everything the working class do are in favor of the ruling class. Ideology plays against the working class in a number of ways by blinding them, for example the Health and Safety Act was created to protect workers from injuring themselves which will cause them to be out of work but Marxist look at it from a different perspective. They say that really the act protects the ruling class, if an employee was to injure themselves due to no health and safety being available the company would be at a loss. They will eave to find a replacement and in most cases have to pay sick pay or they can even be sued, so this can be seen as blinding the working class into thinking the ruling class care about them when truly they care about themselves. Other ideologies such as Feminism see Marxist views as influential as they also believe that people are misled and oppressed except they see as men as the oppressors and not the ruling class. Many people see ideologies in a positive light which provide a foundation to political identity where people can understand and participate in politics. Conversely others see ideology as he basis of oppression and control which prevents positive change. Unlike Freedmen is becoming difficult to apply the Marxist ideology to todays society, whilst there is still a struggle between classes which causes oppression there are more and more opportunities which are allowing many people from lower class background to be socially mobile and climb up the social ladder. Overall Freedmen provides a better definition of an ideology, he was able to break down the concept of an ideology and gives different viewpoints which are not one sided. Whereas the Marxist view is very restricted to the idea that al ideology does is oppress, hence it is very difficult to relate our current society to the Marxist ideology. Freedmen notes that ideologies provides a basis where a political identity is developed which helps individuals compare and apply it to their own beliefs.

Behaviour Management Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Behaviour Management Statement - Essay Example Due to individual differences and even disability, the skill of communication and understanding is important. Through this the educator can gain the interest and curiosity of the student, keep it and achieve an open line of communication towards learning, Misbehaviour is an important focus in the learning process of special children because it can hinder the learning process. There are different reasons why a student misbehaves. One instance is the lack of understanding with what a student is trying to communicate due to focus on another student. When the student is then asked to participate misbehaviour can occur. One reason is that the student can see the participation of other students and is anxious that he or she cannot perform the task. Another is that the student can see that I failed to understand reasons for the misbehaviour. In such situations, I consider that continuous effort to gain the students attention and interest as an important factor. This can be attributed to the fact that communication is the main alley for learning. This can only occur if variation in teaching methods is used. A group of students had different needs when it comes to learning. Some are active learners and others can be considered passive. Thus, it is important to have lessons addressing to both needs. For problematic students, knowing their possible problems such as home issues and peer pressures can also improve the approach that can be applied as a teacher. Determining the root of the misbehaviour is essential. As an educator, it is also important for me to prevent actions that can cause and trigger misbehaviour in students such as disregard to the individual differences of the students and failure to determine their capacity thus giving them activities they cannot accomplish. Being a bad example in behaviour and negative form of reinforcements are also needed to be prevented (Conway). The responsibility of an educator is not bounded

The Influence of Salvador Dali to Modern Art Research Paper

The Influence of Salvador Dali to Modern Art - Research Paper Example The paper "The Influence of Salvador Dali to Modern Art" discovers the art of Salvador Dali, the famous Spanish painter and his influence of modern art. Salvador Dali is one of the most resourceful and productive artists of the twentieth century. As Klein notes in his book, Salvador was a multitalented man who managed various activities like fashion, advertising, writing, sculpture, and even filmmaking. It seems that Dali was highly influenced by the psychoanalytical theories of that time, and his themes range from eroticism and death to decay. One can say unambiguously that his work was influenced by the Freudian theory of human mind. It is an accepted fact that Freud’s teachings of human mind and the unconscious seriously impacted on the thinking of artists in the first quarter of the twentieth century. In the words of Freud, the sublimation of the artist’s unsatisfied libido is responsible for producing all forms of art and literature, whether it be painting, sculpti ng, or writing. Thus, his new ideology made artists and writers look into their own dreams and thoughts with a new insight. Soon, these thoughts (once considered absurd and illogical) found a new place in art. Admittedly, it was the Freudian analysis of the role of dreams which attracted people like Dali. Dali was highly impressed by Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams and Die Traumdeutung. From Dali’s own words, â€Å"it was one of the greatest discoveries of my life. I was obsessed by the vice of self-interpretation-not just of my dreams...". but of everything that happened to me, however accidental it might at first seem† (Martinez-Herrera, Alcantara, and Lorena 855). At first, one can look into the interpretation by Stuart Walton. It is pointed out by him that Dali’s work called Autumn Cannibalism is the first stage of psychosexual development. According to the Freudian concept, this stage is marked by the psychological theme of total dependency. In fact , a baby at this stage is very dependent, as it can do little for its own protection. The Autumn Cannibalism was painted in the year 1936. It was in this year that the civil war broke out in Spain. Thus, as Walton points out, the work mainly depicts horror and destruction of war along with the demolishing nature of sexual relationship (69). In the painting, a chest of drawers is placed on a beach, and the upper halves of two people sit on it. The two bodies are highly entangled, and one figure dips a spoon into the body of the other. The latter figure dips a knife into the flesh of the former. The heads of the figures merge into each other. One can see pieces of meat thrown here and there. Thus, scholars reach the conclusion that the work shows the human impulses going back to the oral phase of psychosexual development. In addition, there are works like The Enigma of Desire: My Mother which reflects the Oedipus complex. The picture shows the porous rocks of the Catalan coast of Spai n as the central image. On the rock, one can see the words ‘ma mere’ written again and again. Then, there is the self-portrait of the painter, lying on the ground with eyes closed. One has to assume that the character is either asleep or half dead. Ants are coming out of the ear of the figure, indicating that decomposition and decay have started there. However, the point of consideration here is the little lion’s head above. The picture shows that the head has its face twisted into a grimace. Thus, the best assumption would be that it represents Dali’s father. The lion head is at the highest point of the mountainous body, and he is apparently pressing the face of

Effect of terrorism on pakistans economy Essay Example for Free

Effect of terrorism on pakistans economy Essay Terrorism is not a new phenomenon and the roots of Terrorism in Pakistan are too deep to date back into her evolution since 1947. It simply changed its forms and the terrorists simply replicated their faces. At present the gravest problem that Pakistan is facing is terrorism. It has become a headache for federation and a nightmare for public. Though, it is a global issue but Pakistan has to bear the brunt of it. Pakistan’s involvement in the War on Terror has further fuelled the fire. We are facing war like situation against the terrorists. This daunting situation is caused due to several factors. These factors include social injustice, economic disparity, political instability, religious intolerance and also external hands or international conspiracies. A handful of people who have their vicious interests to fulfill have not only taken countless innocent lives but also distorted the real image of Islam before the world through their heinous acts. Terrorist acts like suicide bombings have become a norm of the day. On account of these attacks Pakistan is suffering from ineffaceable loss ranging from civilian to economic. People have become numerical figures, blown up in numbers every now and then. Terrorists have not spared any place. Bazars, mosques, educational institutes, offices, hotels, no place is safe anymore. Defining Terrorism Defining the meaning of Terrorism is not as simple today as this word appears to be. Once it was defined as â€Å"an organized system of intimidation or the practice of using violence to obtain political demands.† OR â€Å"the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aim or the calculated use of violence or threat of violence against civilians in order to attain goals that are political or religious or ideological in nature, this is done through intimidation or coercion or inciting fear.† According to FBI, â€Å"Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objective.† Barack Obama, commenting on the Boston Marathon bombings of April, 2013, declared Anytime bombs are used to target innocent civilians, it is an act of terror. Since 1994, the United Nations General Assembly has repeatedly condemned terrorist acts using the following political description of terrorism, Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to justify them. Walter Laqueur, of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, noted that the only general characteristic of terrorism generally agreed upon is that terrorism involves violence and the threat of violence. Classifications of Terrorism In early 1975, the Law Enforcement Assistant Administration in the United States formed the National Advisory Committee on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals. One of the five volumes that the committee wrote was entitled â€Å"Disorders and Terrorism† produced by the Task Force on Disorders and Terrorism under the direction of H.H.A. Cooper, Director of the Task Force staff. The Task Force classified terrorism into six categories. 1. Civil disorder – A form of collective violence interfering with the peace, security, and normal functioning of the community. 2. Political terrorism – Violent criminal behavior designed primarily to generate fear in the community, or substantial segment of it, for political purposes. 3. Non-Political terrorism – Terrorism that is not aimed at political purposes but which exhibits â€Å"conscious design to create and maintain a high degree of fear for coercive purposes, but the end is individual or collective gain rather than the achievement of a political objective.† 4. Quasi-terrorism – The activities incidental to the commission of crimes of violence that are similar in form and method to genuine terrorism but which nevertheless lack its essential ingredient. It is not the main purpose of the quasi-terrorists to induce terror in the immediate victim as in the case of genuine terrorism, but the quasi-terrorist uses the modalities and techniques of the genuine terrorist and produces similar consequences and reaction. For example, the fleeing felon who takes hostages is a quasi-terrorist, whose methods are similar to those of the genuine terrorist but whose purposes are quite different. 5. Limited Political terrorism – Genuine political terrorism is characterized by a revolutionary approach; limited political terrorism refers to â€Å"acts of terrorism which are committed for ideological or political motives but which are not part of a concerted campaign to capture control of the state. 6. Official or State terrorism –referring to nations whose rule is based upon fear and oppression that reach similar to terrorism or such proportions.† It may also be referred to as Structural Terrorism defined broadly as terrorist acts carried out by governments in pursuit of political objectives, often as part of their foreign policy. Tactics of Terrorism In this present world terrorism has become a complex phenomenon where terrorists are using different tactics of terrorism and different types of terrorist activities like suicide bombing, mass murders, burglaries, arson, kidnapping or hijacking and torture of the worst order. And there are always some limited causes behind all such kinds of terrorism which encompass Religious imposition, Social imbalances, political denials, ethnic emotions and economic dispossessions and deprivations. Such are certain major reasons of Terrorism in any part or country of this universe and likewise is in Pakistan. Islam’s Response to Terrorism The religion of Islam (Submission), advocates freedom, peace and mutual agreement and admonishes aggression. The following verses make it very clear. â€Å"And do not aggress; GOD dislikes the aggressors†. (Quran 5:87) â€Å"You shall resort to pardon, advocate tolerance, and disregard the ignorant†. (Quran: 7:199) The relations of Muslims (Submitters) with others are based primarily on peace, mutual respect and trust. The theme in the Quran is peace, unless there is oppression or injustice that cannot be resolved by all the peaceful means available. The true religion of Islam forbids the killing of innocent people, irrespective of the cause, religious, political or social beliefs. â€Å"You shall not kill * GOD has made life sacred * except in the course of justice. These are His commandments to you that you may understand.† (Quran 6:151) â€Å"You shall not kill any person * for GOD has made life sacred — except in the course of justice.† (Quran17:33) In Islam, an amazingly powerful emphasis is laid on developing love for mankind and on the vital importance of showing mercy and sympathy towards every creature of Allah Almighty, including human beings and animals. For indeed, love and true sympathy is the very antidote of terrorism. Causes of Terrorism in Pakistan Pakistan has been afflicted by this worse form of social malice for more than 65 years. It changed its forms and with the passage of time became more lethal and frightening. The religious intolerance, political mistrust and instability, military interventions, partial economic policies, myopic visionary policies, ethnic, regional and lingual prejudices let the flame of terrorism flared up in full swing which resulted in economic instability, trust deficit among different social factions and sense of instability among the masses of Pakistan. Terrorism in Pakistan has assumed a frightening behavior and terribly affecting the social fabric of our country. Today it has become indispensable to avoid or ignore it lest it would distort the social, political and economic structure of Pakistan. For the purpose it necessary to know and discuss the core reasons behind this social Frankenstein. I. External Causes The external causes include following major events in the history: i. Afghan War: 1979 The soviet Afghanistan war was the most critical event responsible for spreading militancy and intolerance in Pakistan. A fundamental change that altered the very character of Pakistani society occurred after establishment of the soviet backed communist regime in Afghanistan. The aftermath of the soviet withdrawal exposed the damage, transformation of violence and Weaponisation into Pakistani society. It ultimately plagued Pakistan with a new trend commonly referred as â€Å"Kalashnikov Culture† and â€Å"Talbanisation†. This was perhaps an end to our long established pluralistic culture and values. Result was a wave of vicious cycle of Sectarian and Inter-sect and Interfaith violence/terrorism. ii. Iranian Revolution Religious extremism that took its roots in Pakistan after the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 is proving venomous for Pakistan. The increased danger of sectarian motivated acts of violence, have gained in power and influence over the recent past. External as well as internal influences have impacted the sectarian issues and have served to further intensify the magnitude and seriousness of the problem. Sectarian violence, therefore, was an extremely rare and unheard of phenomenon in Pakistan with sectarian disputes being very localized and confined rather than being frequent and widespread. iii. Incident of 9/11

Essay --

Gay Marriage is an issue that our society deals with on a day to day basic. It is an issue that has been brought up in many states. It has even had issues brought before the Supreme Court. In the United States gay marriages are frowned upon in some states and in others gay marriages are supported. There are people who would argue that there is nothing wrong with gay marriages. They would further argue and believe is that gays should have the same rights as a heterosexual marriage. There are some stereotypes and issues that gay couple faces some are: What makes them different from any other marriage, why (in some states that gay marriage is supported) their spouses do not have the same rights as those with a heterosexual marriage, and why society frown upon this issue. Over the years people have come to accept that there is not anything wrong with gay marriages. But there are some people who fight the idea that it should be legal. If marriage is defined as the union between two people, why is it considered morally wrong for two people of the same sex to get married? That’s when the question is proposed, what makes gay marriage different from heterosexual marriages? Why can’t they have the rights to love, honor and commit like heterosexual couples? Some may argue in the bible it states it is wrong to be involved in a gay marriage. If two people love each other why can they not get married? There are so many arguments that can be brought up to justify marriage and for couples to receive benefits like any other couple. In this society understand why some people like myself I feel like people have the right to be with who they want to be with and just because you don’t believe in it doesn’t make it bad. A gay person is no diffe... ...y should someone be denied the right to get married just because they are gay? Why shouldn’t someone marry who they want just because some has a personal or moral issue with it from their beliefs. To me that is not morally fair to judge someone, how can someone preach about morals and say god don’t judge but that what they are doing to others judging. Gay people need love too, they cannot help the fact that they fell in love with a person of the same sex as they are love is uncontrollable. From a Christian point of view you know that God has planned out your life before you even started your life. I believe that know matter race, religion or sexual preference anyone should be able to marry. Also if gay marriages are morally wrong why did God allow some people to fall in love with someone of the opposite sex? Gay marriage will be an ethical issue for years to come.

Ethics and Corruption

What is corruption? Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain. It is damaging to a country because decisions are taken not for the public benefit but to serve private interests. Corruption undermines good governance, fundamentally distorts public policy, leads to misallocation of resources, and particularly hurts the poor. There is a case in 29th July 1995, where the collapse of the Sampoong Superstore in Seoul, South Korea, represents an example of a structural collapse attributed in large part to corruption. The collapse of this structure left 937 people injured and had a death toll of over 500 innocent lives. Due to that, Engineer’s integrity and ethical standard will be put to test when involving project worth millions dollars. As the saying goes, â€Å"money is the root of all evil,† it is not unusual to find engineers who are tempted by the amount of money that they are entrusted with; whether to fully utilize the money in the project or to fulfill their individual greed. Hence, engineers need to be truthful. The level of truthfulness in engineering is very high, much higher in everyday life. It imposes what many consider an absolute prohibition on deception, and in addition it establishes a high ideal of seeking and speaking the truth (Martin & Schinzinger, 2005). Being truthful keep the engineers away from corruption and cutting corner. One of many ways to prevent corruption and unethical practice of cutting corner in engineering field is the development of honest and ethical engineering culture by creating or increase awareness of ethical practice among engineers since large amount of money or projects are often being handled by engineers. This is important in a sense that engineers must aware of the types of corruption as well as the punishments and consequences for involving in corruption. Punishments such as retracting the title of engineer and blacklisting the particular individual in the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) and more severe punishments such as imprisonment, confiscating of properties and summonses. When engineers aware of the punishments subjected, then corruption can be prevented. Besides, awareness among engineers towards corruption can be created by implementing subjects or courses concerning engineer’s ethical issues into engineering course in university. Students that vow to become an engineer must first be taught of the ways to become an ethical engineer. Furthermore, BEM can include seminars or talks about ethical issues into Continuous Professional Development (CPD) programs for local engineers. Seniors engineers are compulsory to participate to gain points in CDP. By doing so, senior engineers that left university for long could still be educated on ethical issues. Therefore, self-awareness is a long term strategy in curbing corruption and unethical practices. When corruption is involved, competitions are not fair anymore. People will find various methods to undercut competition. Instead of using a well-organized process for contracting based on technical criteria to judge bids and firms, it is decentralized and is subject to monopoly power plus discretion minus accountability. Some political appointees have the discretion to let contracts without competition or technical reviews. Therefore, tendering process must be more transparent and have strict control over project variation. Handling of tenders should be fair and just where the project should only be awarded to the bidder who offers lowest price on the project without ignoring the quality of materials and services as well as the customers’ requirements. Any conflict of interest or bribes should be notified by the engineer to the corresponding company during the process of evaluating all the offers made by the bidders in order to ensure an outcome of decision which are fair, just and also the best for the company. By doing so, the opportunity of the engineer to work together with the bidders in falsifying the receipts or offers to gain profit without alerting or the knowledge of the company can be decreased or at some point, being completely eliminated, to avoid putting the lives of workers, employees and publics at risk due to corruption. Advantage or authority given to the engineers must not be misused in unlawful deeds, engineers should report to their company for how they handle or use the given authority to complete the project in order to prevent falsification and exaggeration of the project funds. Corruption usually occurs because a certain individual or organization has too much power and authority. Engineers themselves should always alert toward orders they get from company or requirement from customers. Any conflicts of the order or requirement with the codes of ethics should be advised by the engineers to the customer or company. If the advice failed to change their mind, then the engineers have the responsibility to carried forth the case to corresponding authority. Besides, in order to eliminate the unnecessary power and authorities, the administration approval process should be optimized. A complete supervising system should be implemented to prevent any corruption and this supervising system should allow the officials to work without administrative interference at the same time protecting the innocent public. Besides, institution of regular and random checks is important to review the conduct of the officials involved in engineering, project or construction industry. These checks include detailed review of the entire procurement process on selected projects. It must be fair and done by an anti-corruption body. The checks should not single out any individual official or company. Consequently, officials are less likely to participate in corrupt conduct or deliberate maladministration as they cannot be confident that their conduct will not be detected by detailed scrutiny of supervisory officials. As a consequence of these random and regular reviews or checks, may be a pattern of misconduct can be identified at one or more specific stages during the construction process. Furthermore, hot lines or whistle-blowers protection is another measure in curbing corruption and unethical practices of cutting corners. Hot lines improve accountability by enlisting workers and public to report corrupt acts. The government office responsible for investigating such acts often operates a hot line. For example, in Hong Kong, the Independent Commission Against Corruption runs a hot line and guarantees that every allegation is investigated. It also protects those who make reports by granting file access to officers on a â€Å"need to know† basis only. However, in cases where anonymity cannot be guaranteed, those who protest corruption often place themselves at risk. In many countries, whistle blowers are often fired or punished, subjected to administrative harassment, and exposed to violence. For this reason, anti- corruption efforts need legislation to protect whistle blowers from official sanctions or even to reward them. Although whistle-blowing is not desirable in a company as it will affect the reputation of the company, but it is an essential way in combating corruption. With every engineer practicing whistle-blow, others will not even consider unethical practices such as corruption and cutting corners. Thus, effectively preventing misbehavior among engineers and subsequently safeguarding the good image of the engineering profession. Professional engineers should aware that it is important to conduct the duty assigned to them responsibly and professionally especially when it involves he confidential information about certain project because bribery and cutting corner can also occur in such way that the information is used by other company to compete in an unfair condition. The professional engineers will never disclose the confidential information of their client or companies to others in order to maintain their professionalism and they must also knows that the consequences of revealing those info rmation can be a great risk for themselves and companies, such act is punishable and will affects their reputation as an professional engineer. Furthermore, transparency of a project progress can reduces as well as avoids corruption to occur as the activities of the project are visible to all and the engineer can hardly alter it for cutting corner purpose. The transparency of a tender progress or engineering project can be made clear or enhanced by doing the publication of the procurement procedures. Procedures involved in the projects shall be clearly defined and stated so that the publications are understandable and clear to public, details such as stating how and where the supplies originated from shall be included. Through this step, the procedures made in the projects are transparent to the public and the chance for the engineers to corrupt would be greatly reduced. The publication can be made through media such as newspaper, internet, and magazine at which these media are easily reached by the public. According to the BEM code of ethics, a registered engineer shall conduct himself honorably, responsibly, ethically and lawfully so as to enhance the honors, reputation and usefulness of the profession. This code should always be abided by the engineer and keep in mind that one should be avoiding from corruption, bribery and also cutting corner and have to be very well aware that these are the actions punishable by the Board of Engineers or court of law and also might risk the safety and health of the public. Every engineer should aware of their own responsibility toward the company, client and public which includes preserving the reputations of company and themselves. They should do everything lawfully to increase the reputations of their company and engineers. Reputation of an engineer is very important in order for them to be employed and keep their professions as an engineer. Engineers also should uphold their professionalism in order to honor and enhance their usefulness in the field. Failing to abide the codes might result in drop in reputation, being fired, the license of engineer being revoked or the worst is, might end up in jail. Based on the first principle of BEM Codes of ethics, a registered engineer holds paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public. The engineer should always make the public as his first priority because in the profession of engineering, the whole community is the ultimate client rather than the individual client. Corruption and cutting corner always put the safety of public at the edge of risk as the bidders always tend to make more profits from the project, hence they might altered the materials for the project to lower quality materials in order to save cost and this might lead to disastrous consequences such as collapse of buildings and dangerous behaviors of machines due to malfunction or system breakdown. Engineers have the responsibility to report to corresponding authority if their client or company failed to fulfill the instructions of the engineer that abide the code. Even though engineers have their own responsibility toward their client, but the first code of ethics erases this responsibility if their clients or company fail to follow what have been set by the engineers which did not against the codes of ethics. Failing to abide the first code might result in disciplinary action to be taken or the license as an engineer to be revoked because they put the lives of public in danger, even though at the end no harm or loss of life occur. The first code of ethics is also applicable to the case with other professions at which the general public’s safety is the main consideration to be made before others. In conclusion, engineers should always take consideration and action according to the codes of ethics. Any action that might lead to bribery, corruption or cutting corner should be avoided. Prevention methods for unethical practice have to be carried out by engineers and the importance of upholding the professionalism in engineering field has to be kept in mind in order to create an honorable, responsible, ethical and lawful profession. The impression or reputation of engineers can be improved through actual practice of the codes of ethics and avoiding corruptions. Engineers should always remind themselves that not only the project, reputation, and wealth are in their hands, but also the safety and life of public, therefore, it is important for them to make safety issues as the main priority of making consideration. In addition, the integrity of the country also can be improved through such practice as the corruptions, briberies, and cutting corners are reduced.

The Brave New World By Aldous Huxley - 1761 Words

Social class as a result of differences in wealth or individuality are something that is a fundamental part in civilization. The book Brave New World by Aldous Huxley focuses on a futuristic dystopian society in which these things are magnified in order to create a rift in society. Each person is crafted specifically in order to perform their job well, and from birth they are divided into castes that dictate their way of living. By establishing a strict regime in Brave New World where the social classes are so well-defined that they are biological, Huxley makes a point about the world we live in by exploring the thought that our widely divided society will be one of our civilization’s greatest weaknesses and potentially downfalls due to†¦show more content†¦Foster very justly, ‘we don’t need human intelligence.’ Didn’t need and didn’t get it. But though the Epsilon mind was mature at ten, the Epsilon body was not fit to work till eig hteen. Long years of superfluous and wasted immaturity. If the physical development could be speeded up till it was quick†¦ what an enormous saving to the community! (1, 14-15)† The tone used by the Director here is somewhat sterile and unfeeling towards the Epsilons; thinking of them through a scientific standpoint, as though they were not people but scientific experiments, and his word choice of â€Å"triumph† and â€Å"benefaction to Society† makes it clear that in that society, the community is valued way more than the individual, who is often seen as â€Å"disposable†. The sentence structure here is made up of long sentences often with exclamation marks, giving the impression of someone speaking rapidly with excitement. This all contributes to the tone of the passage, which is overall positive; brimming with the excitement of scientific discoveries â€Å"beneficial† to society. However, the mood is entirely different. Having been conditioned differently, readers today find the aspect of engineering